Il Pantheon
26 April 2020
ENGLISH
The name “Pantheon” derives from the greek and it means that the temple is dedicated to all the greek gods. It was first built by Agrippa in 27/25 b.C. but it was destroyed by a fire in 80 A.D. After being rebuilt by Domiziano, it was burnt in 110 A.D. Finally, it was last rebuit by Adriano and it was restored several times during the years.
The Pantheon is located in the old Campo Marzio and it is circular in shape. There is a “pronao”, that is a front porch, which is supported by Corinthian columns. These support the famous pediment on which is engraved the latin sentence “Marcus Agrippa Luci filius consul tertium fecit”, which can be translated as “Marco Agrippa, son of Lucius, built it during his third year of consulate”. In the center of the coffered dome there is an oculus (a circular opening) with a diameter of 9 meters, from which the light enters.
In 608, when Bonifacio IV was the Pope, the temple moved on to Christian worship and was dedicated to Santa Maria ad Martyres. Here were buried some of the most important kings of Italy as well as Vittorio Emanuele II and his son Umberto I.
Since the Pantheon is one of the most signficant buildings of Rome, it well worths a visit. There is a long que before entering it, but it is quite fast, so we don’t have to wait too much. The inside of the temple is fascinating and our suggest is to stan right under the oculus and stare at the light that entres from it.
ITALIANO
Il nome “Pantheon” deriva dal greco e sta ad indicare che il tempio è dedicato a tutti gli dei. Venne costruito da Agrippa nel 27/25 a.C. ma fu poi distrutto da un incendio nell’80 d.C. Dopo essere stato ricostruito da Domiziano, venne nuovamente incendiato e distrutto nel 110 d.C. Infine, venne riedificato da Adriano e restaurato più volte nel corso degli anni.
Il Pantheon si trova nell’antico Campo Marzio ed è di forma circolare. Vi è un pronao, cioè un portico, che è sorretto da colonne corinzie, le quali sostengono il famoso frontone su cui è incisa la frase latina “Marcus Agrippa Luci filius consul tertium fecit” , traducibile con “Lo costruì Marco Agrippa, figlio di Lucio, durante il suo terzo anno di consolato”. Al centro della cupola a cassettoni c’è un oculus (apertura circolare) del diametro di 9 metri, da cui entra la luce.
Nel 608, quanto era pontefice Bonifacio IV, il tempio passò al culto cristiano e fu dedicato a Santa Maria ad Martyres. Qui furono sepolti alcuni sovrani più importanti d’Italia: Vittorio Emanuele II e suo figlio Umberto I.
Il Pantheon, essendo uno degli edifici più significativi di Roma, merita assolutamente una visita. La fila per entrarvici è abbastanza lunga, ma si muove velocemente. L’interno del tempio è molto suggestivo ed il nostro consiglio è quello di fermarvi proprio sotto l’oculus ed osservare la luce che lo trapassa.
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